Dokdo-or-Takeshima?: 1737～1776 - 廣輿圖

4.12.07

1737～1776 - 廣輿圖 - 江原道と鬱陵島

Gerryの投稿の日本語訳です。原文はこちら↓(English)
1737 ~ 1776: "Gwang Yeodo" (廣輿圖) - Gangwondo & Ulleungdo

下の地図は朝鮮の地図集である「廣輿圖」のうち江原道と鬱陵島を描いたものです。この地図集自体は1737～1776年の間に作成されたと考えられています。江原道の地図は"關東道"という呼称で呼ばれています。これらはソウル大学奎章閣韓国学研究院にあります。

この江原道図について興味深いのは、鬱陵島に鬱陵島と干山島の両方の名前が併記されている事です。それは、この二島が隣り合わせにある事を意味していると考えられます。（"干"山島は于山島の記述ミスだと思われます。）このことは同じ地図集（第七冊）の鬱陵島図によって追認されます。于山島は鬱陵島の東岸に小さな隣接島として描かれており、その小島には"所謂干山島"と書かれています。
ところで、鬱陵島図の于山島にも江原道図と同じ記述ミス（"干"山島）があることがお分かりでしょうか。また、于山島以外に鬱陵島の南岸に5つの小さな島が描かれていることに注意して下さい。これは、韓国の鬱陵島図に共通する特徴なのです。

世宗実録地理志(1454) の中で、鬱陵島は蔚珍縣の項でこう記述されています。

于山武陵二島在縣正東海中二島相去不遠風日淸明則可望見

韓国はこの記述を"于山"が"独島"（竹島/Liancourt Rocks）である証拠としており、この文中の距離は独島（竹島/Liancourt Rocks）と鬱陵島の間の距離であると主張しています。（"武陵島"は鬱陵島の別名です。）しかし、日本はこの距離は蔚珍縣と鬱陵島と于山島二島の距離を意味している、と主張しています。下の江原道図はこの二島を一つの島として描いており、日本の主張の正しさ、つまりこの記述は二島間の距離ではなく、半島本土から二島までの距離を示している事を示唆しています。

江原道図と鬱陵島図のどちらも下のように注記が添付されています。江原図には域内の人口や田畑の数などが記載されています。又、鬱陵島図には島の大きさと動植物について記載されています。

4 comments:

Kaneganese4/12/07 21:12
Gerry,

Do you think I should upload the pictures directly to the blog?

I've tried several times, but linking to your flickes site doesn't work. I crated my account and tried to link to there, but it doesn't work.
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Gerry Bevers4/12/07 23:09
Kaneganese,

No, I do not think you should upload the picture directly to the blog because there is not much space available for uploaded pictures on the blog.

If you have a Flickr account, you can upload your pictures there and then copy the addresses directly into the "HTML" section of your post. Here are the steps:

1) Upload your pictures to Flickr.

2) Save your "batch."

3) Click on one of the uploaded pictures.

4) Choose "all sizes" from the menu above the picture.

5) Choose the size you want to use (Small, Medium, or Large). I usually choose small or medium unless the large size can fit within the frame of the page.

6) After you choose your size, you will see two address boxes below the picture. If you choose the longer address in the first box, it will link back to the flickr page, which is what you are supposed to do, according to your agreement with Flickr. If you choose the address in the second box, it will give you a direct link to the picture, which is handy for when you want to position the picture on either the right or left side of the page of your post using the "Insert Picture" command.

7) After you copy the address, switch back to the page where you are writing your post for this blog, where you will see two tabs. One tab reads "Write" and the other reads "HTML." I think you probably usually write in the "Write" tab view, which allows you to see the pictures you will be posting. However, if you click on the "HTML" tab view, you can see the code and addresses of the pictures you will be posting. You can easily switch back and forth to compare the two views.

Anyway, you should probably post the address to your Flickr picture in the HTML view. After you copy the address there, you can click on the "Write" tab to see how it looks. If it does not look right, you can switch back to the "HTML" view and move the address to another part of your post. You can also post it in the "Write" view using the "insert picture" command, but if you do that, then you need to use the address in the second box under the picture on the Flickr page.

Do you understand all of that? I know it is a little complicated, but you quickly get used to it.
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Kaneganese4/12/07 23:53
Gerry,

Thank you !!
I think your explanation is very good. You must be a good teacher. It's much better using HTML view than write one, since the lines doesn't get complicated.

How does it look? Are they too small?
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Gerry Bevers5/12/07 00:31
Kaneganese,

It looks perfect. Good job.
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NE Shore of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도)

This satellite photo shows Ulleungdo's neighboring islands of Gwaneumdo (觀音島) and Jukdo (竹島) off Ulleungdo's east shore. Gwaneumdo is only about 100 meters offshore and looks more like a cape than an island. Jukdo is about 2 km offshore. The old Korean name for Jukdo was "Usando" (于山島), as many of Korea's old maps show. Koreans claim that Usando was Korea's old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but they have no documents or maps to prove it. Also, Liancourt Rocks is about ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo and are essentially two islands, but all of Korea's old maps show it as one island just off shore of Ulleungdo.

"Cheonggudo" (靑邱圖) Atlas (1860 - 1872)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed it with a small island off its eastern shore labeled as "Usan" (于山). Hash marks at the bottom of the map showed that Usan was less than 4 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. That would mean that it would be Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo, which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but Dokdo is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo and is essentially two islands, not one. The map is stored in the National Library of Korea.

"Cheonggudo" (靑邱圖) Atlas (1834)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed Usan (于山 - 우산) as a neighboring island just off Ulleungdo's east shore. The hash marks at the bottom of the map showed the island to be about 4 km offshore. Usando was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo, which is about 2.2 km of Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old Korean name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), which is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map and many others prove that claim false. The map is stored in Seoul National University's Kyujanggak Center for Korean Studies.

"Dong Yeodo" (東輿圖) Atlas (1795 - 1800)

This map showed Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a neighboring island labeled as "Usan" (于山 - 우산). Usando (于山島) was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), which is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map and many others prove that claim wrong. The map is stored in Japan's "University of Tsukuba Library" (筑波大学附属図書館).

"Joseon-do" (朝鮮圖) - 1800 - 1822

This map of Ullelungdo (鬱陵島) is from the Korean atlas "Joseon-do" (朝鮮圖), which is believed to have been made sometime between 1800 and 1822. Ulleungdo is shown with a neighboring island labeled as Usan (于山). Koreans claim that Usando (于山島) was the old Korean name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map and many others show that it was Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島), which is Ulleungdo's largest neighboring island and only two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. The map is stored in the Osaka Nakanoshima Library (中之島圖書館).

"Gwandong Bangyeo" (關東方輿) - late 1800s?)

This map of Ulleungdo comes from an atlas entitled "Gwandong Bangyeo" (關東方輿), which was probably made in the late 1800s since the map is very similarly to another map of Ulleungdo that was made between 1884 and 1894. The mapmaker used gridlines to help show relative size and distance. The map shows Ulleungdo with a small island off its east shore labeled as "Usan" (于山), which was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도). Jukdo is Ulleungdo's largest neighoring island and is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old Korean name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but they have no maps or documents to prove it. The map is stored in the Korean National Library.

"Joseon Jido" (朝鮮地圖) Atlas (1750 - 1768)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed "Usan" (于山 - 우산) as a neighboring island. The grid lines on the map helped show the small island's relative distance from Ulleungdo. Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Korean's claim that Usando was the old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but this map and many others prove that claim false.

Inspector's Map of Ulleungdo (1711)

The map is an inspector's map that showed Ulleungdo with an island off its east shore labeled as "the so-called Usando" (所謂于山島). The small island was also labeled as having "fields of haejang bamboo" (海長竹田). Koreans claim that Usando was Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map shows that it could not have been Dokdo since Dokdo is just rocks without the soil to grow haejang bamboo. Also, Usando was shown as a neighboring island of Ulleungdo, but Dokdo is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo. Stored in Seoul Nat'l University's Kyujanggak Institute of Korean Studies.

"Haejwa Jeondo" (海左全圖) - mid 1800s

This old Korean map showed Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a small neighboring island just off its east shore labeled as "Usan" (于山 - 우산). Koreans claim that Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map is evidence against the Korean claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands 92 kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but the Usan on this map is just off Ulleungdo's east shore and is only one island. In fact, Usando was the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is only two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore.

Carte de la Coree (1846)

This map was made iin 1846 by Kim Dae-geon (金大建), who was Korea's first Catholic priest. He made this map for the benefit of the French priest he works with. He was killed by the Joseon government the same year this map was made. The map shows Ulleungdo labeled in French as "Oulangto" and its neighboring island of Usando labeled as "Ousan." Koreans claim that Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rock), but this map shows Usando as one island just of the east shore of Ulleungdo. That tells us that Usando was almost certainly Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is only 2 kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. Also, this island could not have been Liancourt Rocks since Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands not one. The original of this map is stored in the National Library of France.

Joseon Jeondo (朝鮮全圖) from the "Gakdo Jido" (各道地圖) Atlas (latter 18th c.)

This old Korean map showed an island labeled as "Usando" (于山島 - 우산도) just off the east shore of Ulleundo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도). Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map is more evidence against that claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map shows Usando as one island just off Ulleungdo's east shore. Usando was, in fact, the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. This map is stored in Korea's Yeongnam University Museum.

"Joseon Jido" (朝鮮地圖) Atlas (1898)

"Donggyeong San Cheon - Paldo Jido (東京山川八道地圖) Atlas (date unknown)

"Jeongukdo" (全國圖) from the "Dongguk Daecheondo" (東國大全圖) - 1740

This old Korean map shows Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a small neighboring island just off its east shore labeled as "Usando" (于山島 - 우산도). Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo, but this map is evidence against that claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but the Usando on this map is one island just off the east shore of Ulleungdo. Usando was, in fact, the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. This map is stored in the Korean National Museum.

竹島問題の歴史

4.12.07

1737～1776 - 廣輿圖 - 江原道と鬱陵島

4 comments: