Dokdo-or-Takeshima?: 1893 - Lanier "L'Asie" excluded Takeshima/Liancourt Rocks (Dokdo) from Korean territory

1.10.10

1893 - Lanier "L'Asie" excluded Takeshima/Liancourt Rocks (Dokdo) from Korean territory

1893 L'Asie, choix de lectures de géographie... par M. L. Lanier

This French book of Geography "L'Asie, choix de lectures de géographi e-Deuxième Partie" was written by Lanier, Lucien (1848-1908) in 1893. (There are more editions as 1892, 1908 on Google books.)

The description of the Korean geography only describes "Korean peninsula", but the description of the "islets", as shown below, included Dagelet/Ulleungdo/Matsushima, but not "Liancourt Rocks" which was found and named by French in 1949. However, the map attached to the book clearly excluded Liancourt Rocks from Korean territory. Apparently, the author Lanier considered Liancourt Rocks is not Korean territory.

La Corée.

I. Geographie Physique
Limites; situation; étendue. -La presqu'île de Corée...Elle est comprise entre 34°20′et 42°30′de latitude nord, entre 122°15′et 127°14′longitude est. ...
( 127°14’ E+ 2°20’(Eastern longitude of Paris) = 129°34’E （Greenwich Meridian))

Littoral; îles
...Telle est L'île. Matsou-Sima ou Ollouto, que La Perouse découvrit en 1787 et appela Dagelet, haute de 1219 mètres, et couverte de forèts utilisées par les Japonais pour la construction de leur établissment de Gensanshin, dans la baies Broughton; telle aussi, ...

1893 L'Asie, choix de lectures de géographie... par M. L. Lanier_p_La Coree

1893 L'Asie, choix de lectures de géographie... par M. L. Lanier_p644_La Corée, le littoral de la mer Jaune (carte en couleur)

The Volume I of the book is available on Google Books. "L'Asie: Choix de lectures de geographie, accompagnées de résumés, ..."

References;

1846 - French map of Korea (Coree)

1855 - French map of Korea (Coree)

1865 c - French map of Korea ( Corée)
1874 - "Histoire de L'Eglise de Corée" by Claude Charles Dallet

1890 - Carte de Coree
1894 - French map of Korea and Japan (Is. Liancourt ou Hornet (Jap))
1894 - Carte De La Coree from "Le Petit Journal"
1894 - Jpn Gazetteer: Usando "in the vicinity of Ulleungdo" (于山島：蔚陵島ノ近傍) (三橋僊史著『朝鮮地名案内』)

11 comments:

Kaneganese1/10/10 01:35
Sorry for not-organized post. Not easy for grabbing direct url and upload the images.

ブロガー不調のためか、画像をうまくデザイン配置が出来ませんでしたが、記録代わりに投稿しました。
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Kaneganese1/10/10 22:26
Bibliothèque nationale de France has a lots of maps and books available on the net. Put the words you want to research and go to "Gallica" to see them.

http://www.bnf.fr/fr/outils/lr.resultats_recherche_simple.html?query=carte+coree&x=0&y=0
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김모씨2/10/10 01:34
Kaneganese as usual your can be found to be incorrect.

If you look closely at the attached map the boundary drawn on it excluded Matsushima/Dagelet (today’s Ulleungdo) from Korea. We know this was not the case. Ulleungdo is indisputably Korean territory from the 5th Century. For this reason, these records have little relevance in historical research regarding territorial ownership of Dokdo. You can see the attached map doesn’t match the documents.

Secondly you should consider this fact. In the 19th Century were uninhabited rocks used as a basepoint for drawing international boundaries in the open sea? I don’t think at this time the concept of Marine Boundaries was the same as the today. For example Japan possessed many outlying islands distant from the Japanese mainland however I don’t think they claimed huge tracts of surrounding waters as international boundaries during the 19th Century.

Please be honest when you post Kaneganese.

www.dokdo-takeshima.com
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Anonymous3/10/10 10:31
I think this Post is continued from the two comments which are recently put by GTOMR and Kaneganese.

http://dokdo-or-takeshima.blogspot.com/2008/07/1894-jpn-gazetteer-usando-in-vicinity.html

French knew Liancourt Rocks for a long time before, and they knew it was not Ou-san in these maps.

BTW, does someone know French maps that show Liancourt Rocks?

and narrative of the whale ship which found the Rocks in 1849?

or official French documents that describes about the finding of Liancourt Rocks?
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Anonymous3/10/10 10:44
Kaneganese,

Doesn’t this map show the Dagelet（Ulleungdo）also belongs to Japan?
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Kaneganese3/10/10 14:26
matsu-san

Yes. I guess it is because this map labeled only I. Dagelet and Matsushima. And Liancourt Rocks are also included in Japanese territory. But the geographical description in the book include Ulleungdo as Korean territory.

60-70% of western maps around this period depict Daglet/Matsushima, along with Liancourt Rocks, as Japan's. But Japanese Meiji government didn't incorporated Ulleungdo after all since they knew it is Korean.
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GTOMR5/10/10 13:02
こちらの投稿がフランス図書館との話のことで、それとは全く関係がありませんが、共産中国作成の北朝鮮圖を集めてみました。

Below is the DPRK map made by Chinese Commie.

1950.朝鮮民主主義人民共和国新地圖中国史地学社刘思源、董石声编制，金擎宇校订
http://www16.tok2.com/home/otakeshimaoxdokdox/China%20Map/1950.NewDPRKmapbyPRC.jpg

1950.07.28　最新朝鲜形势地图（1950年7月28日初版）　上海百新书店新文化书社锦章书局联合出　编绘者杨景雄
http://www16.tok2.com/home/otakeshimaoxdokdox/China%20Map/1950.07.28.NEWESTDPRKMap.jpg

1950.09.朝鲜地图　中央人民政府人民革命軍事委員会作戦部測絵局　新華書店
http://www16.tok2.com/home/otakeshimaoxdokdox/China%20Map/1950.09.DPRKMapbyPRC.jpg

1951.1951.朝鲜民主主义人民共和国新地图.
http://www16.tok2.com/home/otakeshimaoxdokdox/China%20Map/1951.NewDPRKmap.jpg

1951.朝鲜民主主义人民共和国
http://www16.tok2.com/home/otakeshimaoxdokdox/China%20Map/1951.DPRKmap.jpg

1953..朝鲜地形大挂图　地図出版社　
http://www16.tok2.com/home/otakeshimaoxdokdox/China%20Map/1953.NewDPRKmap%20by%20PRC2.jpg
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Anonymous5/10/10 23:15
うわっ、これまた大発見ですね。

１９４９年の共産党政権の成立以降ですから、すべて中国としての「国家的」な見解をあらわす地図ということになります。
そのすべての地図が、朝鮮の領土としての「独島」を認めていない。

これによって、「１９４６年、SCAPIN６７７によって、独島は再び祖国のふところに抱かれた」という韓国側の主張は、まったく国際的に通用しない「たわごと」であることがわかります。

また１９５３年の地図に至っても同様である（独島がない）ということは、
１９５１年のサンフランシスコ条約に中国は参加していないわけですが、その結果として竹島が日本側に残されたことを、中国も認めている、ということではないでしょうか。

こうなってくると、この当時の「ソ連」の地図も見たいもんですね。

それから・・・。「日本地図」はないんでしょうか？
「竹島」がどうなっているかも、もちろん気になりますが、
この段階では、中国は「尖閣列島」を「琉球」に含めていたはずで（１９５３年の『人民日報』）、その表示も気になります。
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GTOMR5/10/10 23:54
Matsu様、

>それから・・・。「日本地図」はないんでしょうか？

それが、別件も兼ねてこのあたりの日本地図をオークションサイトで探しているのですが、1950-69年あたりの地図が一向に出てこないんです…
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Unknown7/10/10 05:04
how can they decide possesion of Dokdo? as u know japan ruled korea 60 years ago, and they would not get back our island. they didnt think dokdo can make big deal at their trade, they are so selfish.
truth is gunna be revealed. and truth is gunna be win. do not distort our history. please
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Makoto8/11/10 10:32
"1950-69年あたりの地図が一向に出てこないんです…"

「尖閣諸島は中国固有の領土」なる主張と矛盾する内容が含まれているんでしょうね。

1971年12月の中華人民共和国の領有宣言は日本への帰属が確定している尖閣諸島に対するもので、強引な横車のようなもの。なぜ日本政府はこの点を指摘しないのか……。

2010.11.8
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NE Shore of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도)

This satellite photo shows Ulleungdo's neighboring islands of Gwaneumdo (觀音島) and Jukdo (竹島) off Ulleungdo's east shore. Gwaneumdo is only about 100 meters offshore and looks more like a cape than an island. Jukdo is about 2 km offshore. The old Korean name for Jukdo was "Usando" (于山島), as many of Korea's old maps show. Koreans claim that Usando was Korea's old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but they have no documents or maps to prove it. Also, Liancourt Rocks is about ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo and are essentially two islands, but all of Korea's old maps show it as one island just off shore of Ulleungdo.

"Cheonggudo" (靑邱圖) Atlas (1860 - 1872)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed it with a small island off its eastern shore labeled as "Usan" (于山). Hash marks at the bottom of the map showed that Usan was less than 4 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. That would mean that it would be Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo, which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but Dokdo is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo and is essentially two islands, not one. The map is stored in the National Library of Korea.

"Cheonggudo" (靑邱圖) Atlas (1834)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed Usan (于山 - 우산) as a neighboring island just off Ulleungdo's east shore. The hash marks at the bottom of the map showed the island to be about 4 km offshore. Usando was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo, which is about 2.2 km of Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old Korean name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), which is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map and many others prove that claim false. The map is stored in Seoul National University's Kyujanggak Center for Korean Studies.

"Dong Yeodo" (東輿圖) Atlas (1795 - 1800)

This map showed Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a neighboring island labeled as "Usan" (于山 - 우산). Usando (于山島) was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), which is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map and many others prove that claim wrong. The map is stored in Japan's "University of Tsukuba Library" (筑波大学附属図書館).

"Joseon-do" (朝鮮圖) - 1800 - 1822

This map of Ullelungdo (鬱陵島) is from the Korean atlas "Joseon-do" (朝鮮圖), which is believed to have been made sometime between 1800 and 1822. Ulleungdo is shown with a neighboring island labeled as Usan (于山). Koreans claim that Usando (于山島) was the old Korean name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map and many others show that it was Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島), which is Ulleungdo's largest neighboring island and only two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. The map is stored in the Osaka Nakanoshima Library (中之島圖書館).

"Gwandong Bangyeo" (關東方輿) - late 1800s?)

This map of Ulleungdo comes from an atlas entitled "Gwandong Bangyeo" (關東方輿), which was probably made in the late 1800s since the map is very similarly to another map of Ulleungdo that was made between 1884 and 1894. The mapmaker used gridlines to help show relative size and distance. The map shows Ulleungdo with a small island off its east shore labeled as "Usan" (于山), which was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도). Jukdo is Ulleungdo's largest neighoring island and is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old Korean name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but they have no maps or documents to prove it. The map is stored in the Korean National Library.

"Joseon Jido" (朝鮮地圖) Atlas (1750 - 1768)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed "Usan" (于山 - 우산) as a neighboring island. The grid lines on the map helped show the small island's relative distance from Ulleungdo. Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Korean's claim that Usando was the old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but this map and many others prove that claim false.

Inspector's Map of Ulleungdo (1711)

The map is an inspector's map that showed Ulleungdo with an island off its east shore labeled as "the so-called Usando" (所謂于山島). The small island was also labeled as having "fields of haejang bamboo" (海長竹田). Koreans claim that Usando was Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map shows that it could not have been Dokdo since Dokdo is just rocks without the soil to grow haejang bamboo. Also, Usando was shown as a neighboring island of Ulleungdo, but Dokdo is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo. Stored in Seoul Nat'l University's Kyujanggak Institute of Korean Studies.

"Haejwa Jeondo" (海左全圖) - mid 1800s

This old Korean map showed Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a small neighboring island just off its east shore labeled as "Usan" (于山 - 우산). Koreans claim that Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map is evidence against the Korean claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands 92 kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but the Usan on this map is just off Ulleungdo's east shore and is only one island. In fact, Usando was the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is only two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore.

Carte de la Coree (1846)

This map was made iin 1846 by Kim Dae-geon (金大建), who was Korea's first Catholic priest. He made this map for the benefit of the French priest he works with. He was killed by the Joseon government the same year this map was made. The map shows Ulleungdo labeled in French as "Oulangto" and its neighboring island of Usando labeled as "Ousan." Koreans claim that Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rock), but this map shows Usando as one island just of the east shore of Ulleungdo. That tells us that Usando was almost certainly Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is only 2 kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. Also, this island could not have been Liancourt Rocks since Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands not one. The original of this map is stored in the National Library of France.

Joseon Jeondo (朝鮮全圖) from the "Gakdo Jido" (各道地圖) Atlas (latter 18th c.)

This old Korean map showed an island labeled as "Usando" (于山島 - 우산도) just off the east shore of Ulleundo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도). Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map is more evidence against that claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map shows Usando as one island just off Ulleungdo's east shore. Usando was, in fact, the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. This map is stored in Korea's Yeongnam University Museum.

"Joseon Jido" (朝鮮地圖) Atlas (1898)

"Donggyeong San Cheon - Paldo Jido (東京山川八道地圖) Atlas (date unknown)

"Jeongukdo" (全國圖) from the "Dongguk Daecheondo" (東國大全圖) - 1740

This old Korean map shows Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a small neighboring island just off its east shore labeled as "Usando" (于山島 - 우산도). Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo, but this map is evidence against that claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but the Usando on this map is one island just off the east shore of Ulleungdo. Usando was, in fact, the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. This map is stored in the Korean National Museum.

竹島問題の歴史

1.10.10

1893 - Lanier "L'Asie" excluded Takeshima/Liancourt Rocks (Dokdo) from Korean territory

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