Dokdo-or-Takeshima?: 4/1/10

16.4.10

1892 - 　Podzhio "Overview Korea" - Russian Diplomat dropped Takeshima/Dokdo from Gangwon-do.

On 19th Feb, 2010, Korea's Northeastern Asian History Foundation put an article on the new book on Podzhio (Михаил　Александрович　Поджио), a Russian diplomat who published a book on Korea ("Очерки　Кореи") first in Russia in 1892. In the article, Korean claimed that the map attached to included Takeshima/Dokdo into Korean territory "precisely" (독도를 한국의 영토로 정확하게 포함시켰다). However, it was totally untrue, as always. (We have talked about this here. )

“독도는 한국 영토”, 구한말 러시아 외교관이 밝힌 독도 영유권의 진실

1892년 출판된 러시아외교관 포지오의 저서는 러시아에서 한국에 관한 최초의 저작으로서 1895년 독일어로 번역 출간되었다. 포지오의 저작에 첨부된 지도에는 서도를 올리부차(Оливуца), 동도를 메넬라이(Менелай)로 표기하여 독도를 한국의 영토로 정확하게 포함시켰다. 특히 포지오는 한국의 동쪽 바다의 이름을 동해와 일본해(Японском и Восточном морях)라고 표기했다. 포지오는 19세기 후반 한국쪽 바다를 동해, 일본쪽 바다를 일본해라고 생각하여 이미 동해와 일본해를 병기했다.

-------------------------------------------------
1892年に出版されたロシア外交官ポジオの著書は、ロシアで韓国に関する最初の著作として1895年ドイツ語で翻訳出版された。ポジオの著作に添付された地図には、西島をオルリブチャ(Оливуца)、東島をメネルライ(Менелай)と表記し、独島を韓国の領土に正確に含ませた。特にポジオは、韓国の東側の海の名前を東海と日本海(Японском　и　Восточном　морях)と表記した。ポジオは、19世紀後半、韓国側の海を東海、日本側の海を日本海と考え、すでに東海と日本海を併記した。(matsuさんによる日本語訳)

As we can see, Podzhio depicted not only Ulleungdo(О-Лон-То) / Dagelet and Olivutsa(Оливуца) & Menelai(Менелай) on the map but also Tushima and part of Japanese main islands as well. There is no single clue that the mapmaker considered Takeshima/Dokdo as Korean territory at all. Strangely, he also added phantom island Argonaut.

Apparently, NAHF concealed the important fact that Podzhio only mentioned Ulleungdo(Dagelet) in the article of "Gangwon Province (江原道)", which was supposed to include Liancourt Rocks, if he considered the islands "Olivutsa(Оливуца) & Menelai(Менелай)" was Korean territory. Actually, Podzhio dropped Takeshima/Dokdo from Gangwon-do. Off course there is no mention of the islands in other Provinces.

In conclusion, though we have no hint which country Russian Diplomat Podzhio considered "Olivutsa(Оливуца) & Menelai(Менелай)" (Takeshima/Liancourt Rocks) belonged to from this book, it is highly unlikely that he considered it did to Korea, contrary to Korean claim.

Korean academics should stop this kind of distortion of the historical documents, immediately. Having said that, if it wasn't for them, we didn't even notice about Podzhio and his book. Moreover, while investigation, we have found more important official book by Russian Ministry of Finance published in 1900, which "precisely" erased "Olivutsa(Оливуца) & Menelai(Менелай)" (Takeshima/Liancourt Rocks) from the Map of Korea.

By the way, Podzhio wrote that Korean peninsula's eastern limit was 130° 15′.

All the documents and translation(Korean to Japanese) were provided by matsu. Thanks, matsu, as always.

References ;

“독도는 한국 영토”, 구한말 러시아 외교관이 밝힌 독도 영유권의 진실 - Northeast Asian History Foundation cache

From German Edition published in 1895.
"Geographische Skizze"
"7. Provinz Kan-Uon."

Both original and German translation of Михаил　Александрович　Поджио "Очерки　Кореи" is stored in Japan's National Diet Library.
ミハイル・アレクサンドロビッチ・ポジオ『朝鮮概観』（１８９２）原著　ロシア語(1892) , ドイツ語版(1895)

9.4.10

2010 - Apr 10 - Japanese Ministry of Education approved all textbooks which mentioned Takeshima as its sovereign territory.

On March 30, the Japanese Ministry of Education approved all the 5 elementary school social studies textbook, which will be used from next year, for fifth and sixth grade that clarify Takeshima as Japan's territory. Of the five textbooks that are currently issued, only three contain descriptions of Takeshima. However, this time, Takeshima is clearly depicted in the Sea of Japan on the map of those two. In addition, the national border line was added on the map between Takeshima and Ulleungdo, showing Japan's sovereignty over Takeshima, by accepting the Ministry's opinion. Moreover, one of the books says the islets are "illegally occupied by Korea."

According to the article of JoongAng Daily,

South Korea took a more aggressive stance yesterday against Japan’s claim over Dokdo as President Lee Myung-bak expressed an intention to bolster Seoul’s “effective control” of the islets and the legislature adopted a resolution to denounce Tokyo’s latest move.

and also,

The National Assembly approved yesterday a resolution to condemn Japan’s latest claim. Lawmakers demanded through the resolution that the Japanese government withdraw its authorization of the controversial textbooks. They also warned that Tokyo’s continuous claim will seriously hinder friendship between Korea and Japan.

"hinder friendship"? How so? This is Korean way of intimidating Japan, I believe. If Korean really need some kind of friendship with Japan, it is necessary for them to admit that Japanese also has own opinion on their territory, even if it antagonizes Korea's view. True friendship means accepting the differences of each other.

In 2008, South Korea briefly recalled its ambassador to Japan after guidelines for Japanese junior high school teachers guided to teach Takeshima as Japan's territory, just like northern territory, in the classroom. He left with a parting shot "Japan would lose something very important", but soon sneaked back to Japan.　Korean protesters decapitated pheasants In 2005, chopped off their own fingers outside the Japanese embassy following Shimane prefecture’s decision to label the 100th anniversary of Japan’s annexation of the islets “Takeshima Day”.

20080717 韓国デモ隊、日本大使館前で日本の国鳥キジをハンマーで叩き殺して気勢_9

This time, there's no wacky acts like chopping parts of the body by Korean citizens, except for this.

Are they burning Japanese textbook and "Dokdo" as well? What the ...? I wouldn't say all the Korean are, but at least the guys dressed in Korean national flag in this photo are total moron.

Update:

Looks like it wasn't only the eccentric guys, but so many other Koreans joined this kind of silly acts all around Korea. Korean should stop brainwashing and using their own kids for this silly performances immediately.

（joongangdaily）

Students and members of civic groups wave the Korean national flag in Donghae, Gangwon, next to the Donghae Culture and Art Center, to protest news that beginning next year, Japanese elementary school textbooks will show the Dokdo islets belonging to Japan instead of Korea. [YONHAP]

This is sick.

And more... (From Newsis)

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NE Shore of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도)

This satellite photo shows Ulleungdo's neighboring islands of Gwaneumdo (觀音島) and Jukdo (竹島) off Ulleungdo's east shore. Gwaneumdo is only about 100 meters offshore and looks more like a cape than an island. Jukdo is about 2 km offshore. The old Korean name for Jukdo was "Usando" (于山島), as many of Korea's old maps show. Koreans claim that Usando was Korea's old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but they have no documents or maps to prove it. Also, Liancourt Rocks is about ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo and are essentially two islands, but all of Korea's old maps show it as one island just off shore of Ulleungdo.

"Cheonggudo" (靑邱圖) Atlas (1860 - 1872)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed it with a small island off its eastern shore labeled as "Usan" (于山). Hash marks at the bottom of the map showed that Usan was less than 4 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. That would mean that it would be Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo, which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but Dokdo is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo and is essentially two islands, not one. The map is stored in the National Library of Korea.

"Cheonggudo" (靑邱圖) Atlas (1834)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed Usan (于山 - 우산) as a neighboring island just off Ulleungdo's east shore. The hash marks at the bottom of the map showed the island to be about 4 km offshore. Usando was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo, which is about 2.2 km of Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old Korean name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), which is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map and many others prove that claim false. The map is stored in Seoul National University's Kyujanggak Center for Korean Studies.

"Dong Yeodo" (東輿圖) Atlas (1795 - 1800)

This map showed Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a neighboring island labeled as "Usan" (于山 - 우산). Usando (于山島) was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), which is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map and many others prove that claim wrong. The map is stored in Japan's "University of Tsukuba Library" (筑波大学附属図書館).

"Joseon-do" (朝鮮圖) - 1800 - 1822

This map of Ullelungdo (鬱陵島) is from the Korean atlas "Joseon-do" (朝鮮圖), which is believed to have been made sometime between 1800 and 1822. Ulleungdo is shown with a neighboring island labeled as Usan (于山). Koreans claim that Usando (于山島) was the old Korean name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map and many others show that it was Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島), which is Ulleungdo's largest neighboring island and only two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. The map is stored in the Osaka Nakanoshima Library (中之島圖書館).

"Gwandong Bangyeo" (關東方輿) - late 1800s?)

This map of Ulleungdo comes from an atlas entitled "Gwandong Bangyeo" (關東方輿), which was probably made in the late 1800s since the map is very similarly to another map of Ulleungdo that was made between 1884 and 1894. The mapmaker used gridlines to help show relative size and distance. The map shows Ulleungdo with a small island off its east shore labeled as "Usan" (于山), which was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도). Jukdo is Ulleungdo's largest neighoring island and is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old Korean name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but they have no maps or documents to prove it. The map is stored in the Korean National Library.

"Joseon Jido" (朝鮮地圖) Atlas (1750 - 1768)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed "Usan" (于山 - 우산) as a neighboring island. The grid lines on the map helped show the small island's relative distance from Ulleungdo. Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Korean's claim that Usando was the old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but this map and many others prove that claim false.

Inspector's Map of Ulleungdo (1711)

The map is an inspector's map that showed Ulleungdo with an island off its east shore labeled as "the so-called Usando" (所謂于山島). The small island was also labeled as having "fields of haejang bamboo" (海長竹田). Koreans claim that Usando was Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map shows that it could not have been Dokdo since Dokdo is just rocks without the soil to grow haejang bamboo. Also, Usando was shown as a neighboring island of Ulleungdo, but Dokdo is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo. Stored in Seoul Nat'l University's Kyujanggak Institute of Korean Studies.

"Haejwa Jeondo" (海左全圖) - mid 1800s

This old Korean map showed Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a small neighboring island just off its east shore labeled as "Usan" (于山 - 우산). Koreans claim that Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map is evidence against the Korean claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands 92 kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but the Usan on this map is just off Ulleungdo's east shore and is only one island. In fact, Usando was the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is only two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore.

Carte de la Coree (1846)

This map was made iin 1846 by Kim Dae-geon (金大建), who was Korea's first Catholic priest. He made this map for the benefit of the French priest he works with. He was killed by the Joseon government the same year this map was made. The map shows Ulleungdo labeled in French as "Oulangto" and its neighboring island of Usando labeled as "Ousan." Koreans claim that Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rock), but this map shows Usando as one island just of the east shore of Ulleungdo. That tells us that Usando was almost certainly Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is only 2 kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. Also, this island could not have been Liancourt Rocks since Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands not one. The original of this map is stored in the National Library of France.

Joseon Jeondo (朝鮮全圖) from the "Gakdo Jido" (各道地圖) Atlas (latter 18th c.)

This old Korean map showed an island labeled as "Usando" (于山島 - 우산도) just off the east shore of Ulleundo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도). Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map is more evidence against that claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map shows Usando as one island just off Ulleungdo's east shore. Usando was, in fact, the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. This map is stored in Korea's Yeongnam University Museum.

"Joseon Jido" (朝鮮地圖) Atlas (1898)

"Donggyeong San Cheon - Paldo Jido (東京山川八道地圖) Atlas (date unknown)

"Jeongukdo" (全國圖) from the "Dongguk Daecheondo" (東國大全圖) - 1740

This old Korean map shows Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a small neighboring island just off its east shore labeled as "Usando" (于山島 - 우산도). Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo, but this map is evidence against that claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but the Usando on this map is one island just off the east shore of Ulleungdo. Usando was, in fact, the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. This map is stored in the Korean National Museum.

竹島問題の歴史

16.4.10

1892 - Podzhio "Overview Korea" - Russian Diplomat dropped Takeshima/Dokdo from Gangwon-do.

9.4.10

2010 - Apr 10 - Japanese Ministry of Education approved all textbooks which mentioned Takeshima as its sovereign territory.

1892 - 　Podzhio "Overview Korea" - Russian Diplomat dropped Takeshima/Dokdo from Gangwon-do.