Dokdo-or-Takeshima?: Japanese Map of Ulleungdo, Date Unknown

26.5.07

Japanese Map of Ulleungdo, Date Unknown

The map on the left is a Japanese Map of Ulleungdo that is believed to have been made in the late Edo Period (1603 - 1869). The map is the property of the Sanin History Museum in Yonago City of Tottori Prefecture, where it is stored and displayed.

To enlarge the map, click on it twice. The first click will enlarge it to a certain extent, but it is the second click that makes it large enough to be readable.

I would like to thank Kaneganese for sending me the above scanned copy of the map, and I would like to thank the Sanin History Museum in Yonago City for giving me permission to post the map on this site.

11 comments:

pacifist26/5/07 23:30
Hi Gerry,

Thanks a lot for making this forum.
It seems very fair to introduce both pro-Japanese sites and pro-Korean sites.

I hope this will be the largest library concerning Takeshima/Dokdo.

By the way, to follow are newspaper articles about Japanese maps of Takeshima/Dokdo during 1910's - 1920's. Although these were made after the incorporation of the island in 1905, they may be a proof of effective control of the island by Japan.

About the map 隠岐全図 (1912):
http://www.sanin-chuo.co.jp/news/modules/news/article.php?storyid=798307006

About the maps (1924 島根県警察統計便覧 - Takeshima can be seen in the left lower portion, and 1923 隠岐島報 - Takeshima can be seen in the rightward middle portion)
http://www.sanin-chuo.co.jp/news/modules/news/article.php?storyid=345346006
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pacifist26/5/07 23:53
Sorry Gerry,

The above posting should have been addressed to the "welcome message".

BTW, the map above looks great but unfortunately I can't read small characters. Are there any clues?
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Gerry Bevers27/5/07 00:11
Pacifist,

I have posted the links of the two articles you introduced. To find the articles in the future, just look on the right side of the page for "Japanese Articles on Dokdo/Takeshima." It will be under the "Labels" category.

Concerning the new map, did you enlarge the map by clicking on it two times? One click will enlarge it to a certain extent, but it is the second click that makes it large enough to be readable.
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pacifist27/5/07 00:26
Thanks, this is convenient.
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pacifist27/5/07 09:35
Gerry,

The sentence at the right lower place says the following:

70-ri from Oki country, there is this island, which is Takeshima.
Its circumstance is about 16-ri. There is a big river.
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pacifist27/5/07 09:53
This comment has been removed by the author.
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pacifist27/5/07 10:01
As for the islet at southeast, there is a writing "15-cho （丁） from main island (Ullengdo), circumference 18-cho".

One "cho" is 109 meters, so this islet is located at 1635 meters (= 1.635 km) and its circumference is 1962 meters.
The distance is closer to Jukdo's (2.2km). Is this islet Jukdo?
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pacifist27/5/07 10:04
This comment has been removed by the author.
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pacifist27/5/07 10:09
The writing on the small island east of Ulleungdo, reads "This island about 100-ken (間), circumference 40-ken".

One ken （間) is usually about 1.82 meters but as for distance it was 1.97 meters. You can say it almost 2 meters. So the distance of this islet (from Ulleungdo) was estimated as 200 meters by the mapmaker, which is too short if this islet was Jukdo.

By the way, there are a few islets at south, with heights and distance (from Ullengdo). This may be interesting.
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Gerry Bevers27/5/07 13:00
Pacifist,

Yes, the island 15 "cho" (丁) from the main island is almost certainly Jukdo. By the way, Koreans pronounce 丁 as "jeong."

The small rock between Jukdo and the main island is most likely "Bukjeo Bawui" (북저바위), which Lee Gyu-won labeled as 老姑巖 (노고암 - "Old Mother-in-law Rock") on his 1882 map of Ulleungdo. The tall rock just south of that looks like is should be "Chotdae Bawui," which Lee Gyu-won labeled as 將軍巖 (장군암 - "General Rock") on his 1882 map. Or it could be the rock that Lee labeled as 鎗巖 (창암 - "Spear Rock" on his 1882 map.
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Kaneganese27/5/07 21:45
Gerry, the site looks great !!

By the way,
The name of the map : Takeshima-zu(竹島圖)
The year of the map : Late Edo period(江戸後期:1775-1867?)(江戸:1600 or 1603 - 1867)
The name of the maker : unknown
Owend by : San-in History Museum in Yonago(米子市立山陰歴史館)

I will send a application form to the Museum of behalf of you in oreder to gain a permission tomorrow. I have scanned more high resolution ones. If you need it, let me know. The one I sent you is the lowest resolution.
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NE Shore of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도)

This satellite photo shows Ulleungdo's neighboring islands of Gwaneumdo (觀音島) and Jukdo (竹島) off Ulleungdo's east shore. Gwaneumdo is only about 100 meters offshore and looks more like a cape than an island. Jukdo is about 2 km offshore. The old Korean name for Jukdo was "Usando" (于山島), as many of Korea's old maps show. Koreans claim that Usando was Korea's old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but they have no documents or maps to prove it. Also, Liancourt Rocks is about ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo and are essentially two islands, but all of Korea's old maps show it as one island just off shore of Ulleungdo.

"Cheonggudo" (靑邱圖) Atlas (1860 - 1872)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed it with a small island off its eastern shore labeled as "Usan" (于山). Hash marks at the bottom of the map showed that Usan was less than 4 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. That would mean that it would be Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo, which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but Dokdo is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo and is essentially two islands, not one. The map is stored in the National Library of Korea.

"Cheonggudo" (靑邱圖) Atlas (1834)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed Usan (于山 - 우산) as a neighboring island just off Ulleungdo's east shore. The hash marks at the bottom of the map showed the island to be about 4 km offshore. Usando was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo, which is about 2.2 km of Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old Korean name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), which is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map and many others prove that claim false. The map is stored in Seoul National University's Kyujanggak Center for Korean Studies.

"Dong Yeodo" (東輿圖) Atlas (1795 - 1800)

This map showed Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a neighboring island labeled as "Usan" (于山 - 우산). Usando (于山島) was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), which is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map and many others prove that claim wrong. The map is stored in Japan's "University of Tsukuba Library" (筑波大学附属図書館).

"Joseon-do" (朝鮮圖) - 1800 - 1822

This map of Ullelungdo (鬱陵島) is from the Korean atlas "Joseon-do" (朝鮮圖), which is believed to have been made sometime between 1800 and 1822. Ulleungdo is shown with a neighboring island labeled as Usan (于山). Koreans claim that Usando (于山島) was the old Korean name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map and many others show that it was Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島), which is Ulleungdo's largest neighboring island and only two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. The map is stored in the Osaka Nakanoshima Library (中之島圖書館).

"Gwandong Bangyeo" (關東方輿) - late 1800s?)

This map of Ulleungdo comes from an atlas entitled "Gwandong Bangyeo" (關東方輿), which was probably made in the late 1800s since the map is very similarly to another map of Ulleungdo that was made between 1884 and 1894. The mapmaker used gridlines to help show relative size and distance. The map shows Ulleungdo with a small island off its east shore labeled as "Usan" (于山), which was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도). Jukdo is Ulleungdo's largest neighoring island and is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. Koreans claim that Usando was the old Korean name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but they have no maps or documents to prove it. The map is stored in the Korean National Library.

"Joseon Jido" (朝鮮地圖) Atlas (1750 - 1768)

This Korean map of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) showed "Usan" (于山 - 우산) as a neighboring island. The grid lines on the map helped show the small island's relative distance from Ulleungdo. Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old Korean name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about 2.2 km off Ulleungdo's east shore. Korean's claim that Usando was the old name for "Dokdo" (Liancourt Rocks), but this map and many others prove that claim false.

Inspector's Map of Ulleungdo (1711)

The map is an inspector's map that showed Ulleungdo with an island off its east shore labeled as "the so-called Usando" (所謂于山島). The small island was also labeled as having "fields of haejang bamboo" (海長竹田). Koreans claim that Usando was Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map shows that it could not have been Dokdo since Dokdo is just rocks without the soil to grow haejang bamboo. Also, Usando was shown as a neighboring island of Ulleungdo, but Dokdo is 92 km southeast of Ulleungdo. Stored in Seoul Nat'l University's Kyujanggak Institute of Korean Studies.

"Haejwa Jeondo" (海左全圖) - mid 1800s

This old Korean map showed Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a small neighboring island just off its east shore labeled as "Usan" (于山 - 우산). Koreans claim that Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map is evidence against the Korean claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands 92 kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but the Usan on this map is just off Ulleungdo's east shore and is only one island. In fact, Usando was the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is only two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore.

Carte de la Coree (1846)

This map was made iin 1846 by Kim Dae-geon (金大建), who was Korea's first Catholic priest. He made this map for the benefit of the French priest he works with. He was killed by the Joseon government the same year this map was made. The map shows Ulleungdo labeled in French as "Oulangto" and its neighboring island of Usando labeled as "Ousan." Koreans claim that Usando (于山島 - 우산도) was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rock), but this map shows Usando as one island just of the east shore of Ulleungdo. That tells us that Usando was almost certainly Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is only 2 kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. Also, this island could not have been Liancourt Rocks since Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands not one. The original of this map is stored in the National Library of France.

Joseon Jeondo (朝鮮全圖) from the "Gakdo Jido" (各道地圖) Atlas (latter 18th c.)

This old Korean map showed an island labeled as "Usando" (于山島 - 우산도) just off the east shore of Ulleundo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도). Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo (Liancourt Rocks), but this map is more evidence against that claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but this map shows Usando as one island just off Ulleungdo's east shore. Usando was, in fact, the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. This map is stored in Korea's Yeongnam University Museum.

"Joseon Jido" (朝鮮地圖) Atlas (1898)

"Donggyeong San Cheon - Paldo Jido (東京山川八道地圖) Atlas (date unknown)

"Jeongukdo" (全國圖) from the "Dongguk Daecheondo" (東國大全圖) - 1740

This old Korean map shows Ulleungdo (鬱陵島 - 울릉도) with a small neighboring island just off its east shore labeled as "Usando" (于山島 - 우산도). Koreans claim that Usando was the old name for Dokdo, but this map is evidence against that claim. Liancourt Rocks is essentially two islands ninety-two kilometers southeast of Ulleungdo, but the Usando on this map is one island just off the east shore of Ulleungdo. Usando was, in fact, the old name for Ulleungdo's neighboring island of Jukdo (竹島 - 죽도), which is about two kilometers off Ulleungdo's east shore. This map is stored in the Korean National Museum.

竹島問題の歴史

26.5.07

Japanese Map of Ulleungdo, Date Unknown

11 comments: